Linsmaier and Skoog Macroelements are supplied by HiMedia. It is available in the form of a white to off-white, homogenous, free flowing powder with a pH in the range of 4.4 to 5.4. Since this product is extremely hygroscopic, it is advisable to store it at 2-8C, in air tight containers. The composition (mg/ml) is as follows:

Ammonium nitrate (1650.00)

Calcium chloride (332.20)

Magnesium sulphate (180.69)

Potassium nitrate (1900.00)

Potassium phosphate monobasic (170.00)

Linsmaier and Skoog Medium (LS) has been developed by Linsmaier and Skoog in 1965 for optimizing the organic requirement of tobacco cultures. The medium is a standard Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salts supplemented with Linsmaier and Skoog vitamins. It is widely used for micro propagation, organ culture, callus culture and suspension culture. Linsmaier and Skoog Macroelements is a nutrient blend of inorganic salts which provides all the essential macroelements to the plants. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate serves as a source of phosphate. Potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate stimulate morphogenesis and embryogenesis. Magnesium and sulphur act as precursors in many vital metabolic processes and is supplied to the plants in the form of magnesium sulphate. Magnesium also helps to maintain cation anion balance. Calcium serves as an important modulator in enzymatic reactions and is required for cell wall synthesis and stabilization.