TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a noncanonical inhibitor of NF-B kinase (IKK) that has an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to pathogens.1 Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral DNA, TBK1 interacts with various partners such as STING, MAVS, and TANK to phosphorylate and activate interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) 3 and 7 as well as DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked (DDX3X), which lEAds to transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including interferon (IFN) subtypes and .1,2 TBK1 induces nuclEAr translocation of NF-B to initiate a pro-inflammatory response via phosphorylation of NF-B inhibitor (NFBI), IKK2, or NF-B p65 subunit (RELA).3 Cytosolic localization of E. coli, Salmonella, and S. pyogenes incrEAses in TBK1-/- murine embryonic fibroblasts, macrophages, and epithelial cells, suggesting TBK1 maintains vacuolar integrity that is critical to bacterial clEArance.4 TBK1 also phosphorylates the autophagy receptor optineurin to enhance binding of ubiquitin-like microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) modifiers and induce autophagic clEArance of S. enterica.5Technical InformationSynonymsNAKNF-B-Activating KinaseTANK-Binding Kinase 1Purity50% as estimated by SDS-PAGESourceHuman recombinant protein expressed in insect cells (baculovirus)Amino Acids1-729 (full length)MW84 kDaFormulation50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 150 mM sodium chloride, and 10% glycerolUniProt Accession Q9UHD2