DNA electrophoresis is commonly performed using the technique called as Agarose gel electrophoresis - one of the most widely used technique in molecular biology to separate and visualize macromolecules like DNA on an agarose gel under the influence of an electric field. With a plastic comb, wells are dug into the gel. A standard gene ladder is loaded into the first well of the agarose followed by loading the samples in the rest. The gel is dipped into Tris buffer for electrical conduction. When an electric current is applied, negatively charged DNA migrates towards the positive electrode (Anode). A suitable dye is used to visualize the sample run. The separation occurs in the form of bands corresponding to DNA size and shape. An intercalating agent like Ethidium bromide which fluoresces in the presence of UV light is mixed with the sample to visualize DNA bands under A UV transilluminator.

 

This separation procedure requires a number of accessories, samples and apparatus. These include buffer solutions, DNA ladders, dyes, gels and solidifying agents, electrophoresis apparatus, casting trays, combs, power packs, electrodes, kits etc. Products required in DNA electrophoresis are available from popular brands such as HiMedia, Fisher BioReagents, Bangalore GeNei on Biomall.in.